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KMID : 0613820210310020248
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Journal of Life Science
2021 Volume.31 No. 2 p.248 ~ p.255
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The Significance of Cancer Stem Cells in Canine Mammary Gland Tumors
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Park Seo-Young
Baek Yeong-Bin
Park Sang-Ik
Lee Chang-Min
Kim Sung-Hak
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Abstract
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Mammary gland tumors are one of the most common cancers in female dogs, and there are various types of cells depending on the tumor type. Complex carcinoma consists of a combination of luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells with intra-tumoral heterogeneity. However, the origins of these tumor cells and their effects on the malignancies of tumors have not been identified. Recently, it has been reported that cancer stem cells, identified in several types of human tumors, are involved in tumor heterogeneity and may also contribute to malignancies such as tumor recurrence and metastasis. Interestingly, cancer stem cells share several abilities of self-renewal and cell differentiation into multiple types of cancer cells, but they have abnormal genetic mutation and signal transduction pathways to regulate the maintenance of stem cell characters. Moreover, it is known that these cell populations contribute to cell metastasis as well as cell resistance against chemo- and radio-therapeutics that promote tumor recurrence. The existence of cancer stem cells might explain the intra-tumoral heterogeneity and cancer aggressiveness during tumorigenesis in canine mammary gland tumors. This review summarizes the characteristics and types of canine mammary gland tumors, the definition of tumor stem cells, methods of isolation, and clinical significance.
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KEYWORD
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Cancer stem cells, canine mammary tumors, drug resistance, self-renewal
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